Innate Differences Between the Sexes: Fact, Not Fantasy (Part 3)

What we can learn from observing animals.Some people think that everyone has to be the same
The limitations of using animal studies to prove theoriesin order to have the same value. But differences can
about humans are obvious-humans have numerousbe acknowledged and celebrated without challenging
distinct differences from other animals. But what itthe fact that we as humans can each make a
does do is boil down behavior to its biologicalvaluable contribution to society.
component, since non-human animals areConsider this: Men and women are equally good at
unencumbered by the complex social, cultural, andproblem solving, but use different methods. For
political issues that humans struggle with.example, in giving and following directions, men tend to
(Interestingly, the people who argue that there are nouse distance and direction, while women use
inherent differences between males and females tentlandmarks. They both find their destinations with equal
to be the very same people who insist that humansspeed and ease.
differ from other animals only in our degree ofThink of all the ways we can categorize
evolution.)people-gender, age, race, nationality, religion, culture, birth
With that in mind, let's see if we can learn somethingorder, education, occupation, marital status, lifestyle,
from our "close relatives"-monkeys. It turns out thatskills, talents, abilities, physical attributes, hobbies,
monkey toy preferences have been consistent alongdreams, goals...the list is virtually endless. It doesn't take
gender lines with those of human children. In a study ofa rocket scientist to recognize that members of some
vervet monkeys by Gerianne Alexander and Melissagroups are more gifted in sports, others in science;
Hines, boy monkeys chose the car and the ball, whilesome in music, still others in the visual arts, the culinary
girl monkeys preferred the doll and the pot. Botharts, the performing arts.
genders of monkey children seemed equallyPeople are made up of many different identities,
comfortable with a picture book and a stuffed dog.combined in infinite ways, to make each of us
What makes a particular toy a "boy toy" or a "girlone-of-a-kind. Humanity as a whole would be
toy"? Boy toys are ones with the ability to be usedincomplete without one of these "identity
actively and propelled through space; girl toys are onesclassifications." Gender is our most basic, most
that invite contact. Boys' and girls' toy preferencesimportant identity classification. It's the first thing people
seem to be biologically pre-wired, and this biologicalwant to know about us!
pre-wiring is the "cause" to the "effect" ofFood for thought: most of the famous scientists,
gender-stereotyping of toys-not the other way around.explorers, and athletes in the history of civilization have
In another monkey study, the males typically fought,been men; so, too, artists, poets, and composers; so,
while the females groomed and nurtured the young.too, dictators, tyrants, and mass murderers. Males
Females injected with testosterone in utero, though,have dominated nearly every aspect of society since
fought and behaved like males.the beginning, and chances are they will continue to do
Why do we all have to be the same?so. But "dominant" doesn't necessarily mean "better.