| There have been no details of the historical | | | | of which few were made, are the rarest. The |
| records of the porcelain development in | | | | most common mark is "St. C T" in blue or |
| Austria. Their manufactories were established | | | | incised. The factory closed in 1766. |
| with the help of people who ran away from | | | | |
| Dresden. But the factories faced with | | | | Chantilly |
| continual difficulties, it could not continue | | | | |
| for long and many of the manufacturing units | | | | A soft-paste factory was founded at Chantilly |
| were closed down. The French claimed that the | | | | in 1725 and made wares covered in an |
| soft-paste was at Rouen as early as 1673 but | | | | attractive glaze containing tin, which gave |
| that has not been the accepted one by the | | | | it a smooth, white, and distinctive |
| majority. | | | | appearance. Tableware's, vases and other |
| | | | useful pieces were made, and neatly decorated |
| Vienna | | | | in brilliant colors that rely on the |
| | | | beautiful white surface for their full |
| In 1719, with the help of a runaway from | | | | effect. Later wares were lead-glazed and of a |
| Dresden, a factory was started under the | | | | creamy colour, and one of the last patterns |
| manager ship of Claud du Pacquier. It made | | | | introduced was widely copied; a small spray |
| fine hard-paste porcelain resembling Dresden | | | | of cornflowers known as the "Chantilly |
| in paste more than in design or coloring. Du | | | | sprig'. After being owned for a few years by |
| Pacquier's factory faced continual | | | | an Englishman named Potter the factory closed |
| difficulties; ware was costly to produce and | | | | in 1800. The mark is a curved hunting-horn in |
| much of it too dear to find many purchasers. | | | | red or blue. |
| It is rare today. In 1744 the factory was | | | | |
| bought by the Austrian State and successful | | | | Mennecy |
| efforts were made to popularize its products. | | | | |
| This porcelain, known from its mark of a | | | | The factory best known by the name of Mennecy |
| shield in blue, finally evolved an individual | | | | was started in 1734 in Paris, fourteen years |
| style of heavily gilded pieces painted | | | | later moved outside the capital to Mennecy, |
| carefully in the manner of miniatures. These | | | | and in 1773 moved finally to Bourg-la-Reine. |
| were first made towards the end of the | | | | The early wares are usually of a |
| eighteenth century, but were copied again and | | | | milky-white colour, with a 'wet-looking' |
| again until the factory closed in 1864. Some | | | | glaze and a slightly undulating surface; in |
| of the modern and very garish imitations of | | | | very rare instances a tin-glaze, in imitation |
| this type of Vienna porcelain bears the | | | | of that used at Chantilly, is found. All |
| printed 'signature' of the artist; often that | | | | types of wares, including a number of figures |
| of the English painter, Angelica Kauffmann. | | | | and groups, were painted in colors and many |
| | | | show a particularly striking use of pink and |
| France | | | | bright blue. The mark comprises the letters |
| | | | 'D V', incised or in blue. |
| France Saint Cloud | | | | |
| | | | France had a rich history of porcelain wares. |
| Soft-paste porcelain is said to have been | | | | The earliest accepted pieces are those made |
| made at Rouen as early as 1673, but although | | | | at Saint Cloud at the end of the seventeenth |
| several specimens have been brought forward | | | | century. They are mostly of a creamy colour, |
| as proof of the statement they are not | | | | but occasionally of a bluish white, and all |
| accepted generally as having been made there. | | | | kinds of wares were made. Painting was in |
| The earliest accepted pieces are those made | | | | under-glaze blue and in colors. A soft-paste |
| at Saint Cloud at the end of the seventeenth | | | | factory founded at Chantilly and made wares |
| century. They are mostly of a creamy colour, | | | | covered in an attractive glaze containing |
| but occasionally of a bluish white, and all | | | | tin, which gave it a smooth, white, and |
| kinds of wares were made. Painting was in | | | | distinctive appearance. And there were many |
| under-glaze blue and in colors, and much was | | | | marked wares found in the different part of |
| in the popular Oriental manner. Examples of | | | | the country. They all show that there was a |
| the ware are not commonly found, and figures, | | | | great progress in the earlier ages. |